A breakdown of how square brackets are used in Python syntax

Currently delving into the pages of "Python 3 Object-Oriented Programming by Dusty Phillips," I stumbled upon a coding snippet that has left me scratching my head. It involves the use of square brackets [] following an if-else statement—a syntax unfamiliar to me.

My initial assumption was that it pertained to referencing a list, a belief that persists. However, I am keen on grasping the rationale behind this particular syntax. Despite scouring Google and Stack Overflow for insights, the examples and issues presented either contain items within the brackets or revolve around initializing a standard list.

def __init__(self, points=None):
    points = points if points else []
    self.vertices = []
    for point in points:
        if isinstance(point, tuple):
            point = Point(*point)
        self.vertices.append(point)

The line causing confusion within the code lies at line 2 where 'points' is defined. Your attention and assistance are greatly appreciated. Thank you for taking the time to read through.

Answer №1

When utilizing <code>points = points if points else []
, it serves as a shortcut for

if points:
    points = points # the value of points stays the same
else:
    points = []     # a new list is created for points

Answer №2

Consider this scenario: Have you ever initialized an empty list?

# For example:
myList = list()
# Or maybe:
myOtherList = []

You'll notice that both methods are valid for creating an empty list.

Regarding the

points = points if points else []
line, this is known as a ternary conditional operator. Check out the link for a detailed explanation on how it operates! In summary, it's a shortcut for a complete if/else statement.

In your specific situation, it essentially states:

If points exists, then use points. If not, use []

Or in simpler terms:

If points exists, utilize points. Otherwise, utilize an empty list

Answer №3

In programming, an empty list is represented by []. This code snippet explains that the variable points should take on the value of the argument's points, but if the argument's points is None, then points should be set to an empty list.

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