Encountering a StaleElementReferenceException when attempting to interact with buttons in a dynamically updated table using Python with Selenium Webdriver

Encountering a StaleElementReferenceException while testing a webpage with a table is proving to be a challenge. The table includes points and the status of two Blocking points, each with toggle state buttons for 'Yes' and 'No'.

The steps in this process are:

  1. Click the checkbox to display only the blocking points.
  2. If there are no blocking points in the table, you're done. Otherwise...
  3. Save the name of the point in the first row and check the first blocking status. If set to 'Yes', change it to 'No'.
  4. Check if the point still exists. If so, change the second blocking status to 'No' and confirm the point has been deleted.

Comments have been included in the code to help follow the process:

    # << Setup >>
    driver.get(url("/PointsTable/"))
    assertExpectedConditionTrue(driver, "By.XPATH", "//td")

    # < Confirm that the points blocking checkbox is enabled >
    if not driver.find_element_by_id("BlockedPoints").is_selected():
        assertExpectedConditionTrue(driver, "By.ID", "BlockedPoints")
        driver.find_element_by_id("BlockedPoints").click()
        assertCheckBoxEnabled(driver, "BlockedPoints")

    # < First check if any points have a blocking state >
    try:
        assertExpectedConditionTrue(driver, "By.XPATH", "//td[contains(text(), 'No data available in table')]", None, 3)
    except (NoSuchElementException):
        # < Until all the points are out of the blocking state, begin changing blocking statuses
        #   for all the points >
        while True:
            # < Check if all the points are set to have no blocking statuses set to Yes >
            try:
                assertExpectedConditionFalse(driver, "By.XPATH", "//td[contains(text(), 'No data available in table')]", None, 2)
            except (NoSuchElementException, TimeoutException):
                break

            # < Save the name of the point
            # Check the first blocking status. If it is blocking, set the block to No >
            assertExpectedConditionTrue(driver, "By.XPATH", "//td")
            myPointVal = driver.find_element_by_xpath("//td").text

            try:
                assertExpectedConditionTrue(driver, "By.XPATH", "//tbody/tr[1]/td[5]/div/button[@class='btn active btn-success btn-small point-button']", None, 2)
            except (NoSuchElementException):
                assertExpectedConditionTrue(driver, "By.XPATH", "//tbody/tr[1]/td[5]/div/button[@class='btn btn-small point-button']")
                driver.find_element_by_xpath("//tbody/tr[1]/td[5]/div/button[@class='btn btn-small point-button']").click()

            # < Save the name of the point again. Compare it to the original saved point
            #    If the name is the same, then the second blocking status needs to be set to No
            #    If the name is different, that means the point in question is no longer blocked >
            assertExpectedConditionTrue(driver, "By.XPATH", "//td")
            if myPointVal == driver.find_element_by_xpath("//td").text:
                assertExpectedConditionTrue(driver, "By.XPATH", "//tbody/tr[1]/td[6]/div/button[@class='btn btn-small point-button']")
                driver.find_element_by_xpath("//tbody/tr[1]/td[6]/div/button[@class='btn btn-small point-button']").click()
                assertExpectedConditionFalse(driver, "By.XPATH", "//td", myPointVal)

Once a point has had all its Blocking states removed, it disappears from the table, triggering the exception. The issue occurs when trying to click on the 'Yes' or 'No' button, likely due to changes in the table after successfully removing a point.

i.e. driver.find_element_by_xpath("//tbody/tr[1]/td[6]/div/button[@class='btn btn-small point-button']").click()

Sometimes the failure happens beyond this point in the code, when attempting to click on a button either after refreshing the page or navigating to another page where XPATH addresses remain the same but objects have changed. I comprehend the problem stated here. It appears to be consistent with the element no longer being attached to the DOM.

So far, I've tried using time.sleep() and driver.implicitly_wait() in areas where table changes occur, but the problem persists. How can I overcome this obstacle?

Answer №1

By implementing an implicitly_wait() with a sufficiently high time setting, I was able to resolve the StaleElementReferenceException problem. However, this approach significantly increased the duration of the test case execution. To address this issue, I incorporated solutions from here, here, and here.

The root cause of the problem stemmed from elements losing their connection to the DOM when modifications were made to the table structure. Therefore, I developed specific definitions to handle potentially stale elements.

def waitForNonStaleElement(driver, type, element):
    # Implementation details for handling stale elements

def waitForNonStaleElementClick(driver, type, element):
    # Implementation details for clicking on potentially stale elements

def waitForNonStaleElementText(driver, type, element):
    # Implementation details for retrieving text from potentially stale elements

waitForNonStaleElement() verifies if an element has become fresh. waitForNonStaleElementClick() enables clicking on elements that might be stale. waitForNonStaleElementText() facilitates extracting text from elements that could have gone stale.

I then refactored the search logic using these methods:

# << Setup >>
# Test code snippet utilizing the new methods

This enhanced approach may prove beneficial to others encountering similar challenges in their testing endeavors.

Answer №2

In the event that you encounter an issue where you attempt to click on an element that does not yet exist, and you need to confirm if the element is present, follow these steps:

  1. Use a method that searches for a list of elements (which also returns a list)
  2. Verify if there are any elements in the list (count > 0)
  3. If the count is 0, it means no elements were found, indicating that the element doesn't exist

An alternative approach would be to utilize try-catch, but this method can be more complex.

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