Error: The `math.sqrt()` function encountered a math domain error due to an invalid value

Can anyone help me with a program to check for Herone Triangle in the specified range of tries to max_tries? I'm having trouble with the math.sqrt() function.

This is the code I have so far:

import math
max_tries = 10000
tries = 1
half_perimeter = ((tries * 3) + 3) / 2

for num in range(tries,max_try,1):
    area = math.sqrt(half_perimeter * (half_perimeter - tries) * (half_perimeter - tries - 1) * (half_perimeter - tries - 2))
    if isinstance(area, int ) == True:
        print (tries)
        tries = tries + 1
    else :
        tries = tries + 1

Every time I run the code, I encounter a ValueError: math domain error from Python. Can someone help me identify the issue with my code? The full error message is as follows:

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\phong\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\Herone Triangle.py", line 9, in <module>
area = math.sqrt(half_perimeter * (half_perimeter - tries) * (half_perimeter - tries - 1) * (half_perimeter - tries - 2))
ValueError: math domain error

I am fairly new to Python programming and would appreciate any guidance you can provide. Thank you!

Answer №1

After initializing half_perimeter outside the loop, it will consistently hold the value of

((1 * 3) + 3) / 2 = (3 + 3) / 2 = 6 / 2 = 3
. However, within the loop, certain factors may turn negative under specific circumstances, and in some cases, an odd number of factors could become negative. This situation can cause the argument of sqrt to also become negative, resulting in a domain error as math.sqrt is only valid for real results.

Answer №2

It appears there might be some confusion in understanding how the for loop functions. The loop executes all code contained within it and then (in this particular case) increments the value of tries by one.

As a result, on each iteration you are actually adding 2 to the value of tries - first in your initial code, and then the for loop itself continues to increment it further.

Additionally, it seems necessary to recalculate the value of half_perimeter on every iteration to avoid encountering an error in mathematical computations (such as trying to calculate the square root of a negative number).

Answer №3

At a certain stage, this mathematical expression produces a negative result: half_perimeter * (half_perimeter - attempts) * (half_perimeter - attempts - 1) * (half_perimeter - attempts - 2). This causes an error when using the math.sqrt() function.

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