Exploring TypeScript's Index Types: Introduction to Enforcing Constraints on T[K]

In typescript, we can utilize index types to perform operations on specific properties:

interface Sample {
    title: string;
    creationDate: Date;
}

function manipulateProperty<T, K extends keyof T>(obj: T, propName: K): void {
    obj[propName]; // execute action, obj[propName] has the type T[K]
}

var sampleObj = { title: "abc", creationDate: new Date() };

manipulateProperty(sampleObj, "title");

Question:

How can we impose a generic constraint that restricts certain property names to only accept specific types? Are there any possible ways to achieve this?

// Generic constraint on T[K]? T[K] should exclusively be of type Date
function manipulateDATEProperty<T, K extends keyof T>(obj: T, propName: K): void {
    obj[propName];
}

// The following code should not compile,
// as it should only accept the name of the property "creationDate" which is of type date
manipulateDATEProperty(sampleObj, "title");

Answer №1

Here is some code that allows you to perform an action on a specific property of type "Date":

function doSomethingOnDATEProperty<T extends { [P in K]: Date }, K extends keyof T>(o: T, name: K): void {
    let d = o[name]; // Perform actions on the specified property of type T[K]
    d.getFullYear(); // Valid operation
}

var dummy = { name: "d", birth: new Date() };

doSomethingOnDATEProperty(dummy, "birth");

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