How can I identify when a node/express ajax request is received?

I have set up a node/express server that sends the ajax-start.html file. Within this file, there is a script that enables ajax requests to be made to the server. Everything functions correctly in this setup. However, I am looking to enhance this process by modifying the text file before it is sent back from the server. As someone new to this, I am attempting to adapt an example from MDN to suit my specific needs.

Below is the HTML code for ajax-start.html:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <meta charset="utf-8" />
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1" />
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />

    <title>Ajax starting point</title>

    <!-- CSS styles -->

    <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/html5shiv/3.7.3/html5shiv.js"></script>
  </head>

  <body>
    <h1>Ajax starting point</h1>

    <!-- Form section -->

    <form>
      <label for="verse-choose">Choose a verse</label>
      <select id="verse-choose" name="verse-choose">
        <option>Verse 1</option>
        <option>Verse 2</option>
        <option>Verse 3</option>
        <option>Verse 4</option>
      </select>
    </form>

    <!-- Display area of selected verse -->

    <h2>The Conqueror Worm, <em>Edgar Allen Poe, 1843</em></h2>

    <pre>Displayed Verse Will Appear Here</pre>

    <!-- JavaScript section -->

    <script>
      // JavaScript logic
    </script>
  </body>
</html>

The node/express (app.js) code snippet:

const express = require("express");
const fs = require("fs");
const app = express();
app.use(express.static(`assets`));

// Set route for sending ajax-start.html

app.get("/", (req, res) => {
  res.sendFile(__dirname + "/ajax-start.html");
});

// Start server

app.listen(5000, () => {
  console.log(`listening`);
});

Answer №1

One cannot specifically detect Ajax requests, but there are various options within the HTTP protocol for serving different versions of content.

If you wish to offer the same data in alternative formats (such as providing HTML for a direct request and JSON for an Ajax request), you can utilize the Accept header. Your server-side code should default to HTML unless the client's Accept header (accessible through req.headers) indicates a preference for JSON.

To serve slightly varied content, you can employ a query string (req.query) in the URL.

If the content will be significantly different, it is advisable to use a separate endpoint entirely.

You may also consider using the X-Requested-With header, although it is unofficial. Similar to setting an Accept header, you can add this with setRequestHeader as a way to signal that the request is being made via Ajax. However, this method deviates from standard practices, so caution is advised when implementing it.

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