Modify the root background color using the Material-UI theme

Question

Modify the root background color using the Material-UI theme

I'm attempting a simple task: creating two themes for a website using Material-UI themes.

One theme is light and the other is dark, but I am having trouble with it. The theme applies to every Material-UI react element, however, the root element in the html document continues to have the default white background.

While I could change this by directly styling the body with CSS:

body {
  background-color: #222;
}

I was hoping to dynamically change it with React. I tried the following code, but it did not work:

import React from 'react';
import ReactDOM from 'react-dom';
import App from './App';
import { ThemeProvider } from '@material-ui/styles';
import { MuiThemeProvider, createMuiTheme } from '@material-ui/core/styles';

const themeLight = createMuiTheme({
  palette: {
    background: {
      default: "#e4f0e2"
    }
  },
});

const themeDark = createMuiTheme({
  palette: {
    background: {
      default: "#222222",
    }
  },
});

ReactDOM.render(
  <MuiThemeProvider theme = { themeDark }>
    <App />
  </MuiThemeProvider>, document.getElementById('root'));

I am stuck at this point. Is there no way to achieve this with Material-UI theme?

reactjs material-ui

Answer 1

Answer №1

The component responsible for controlling this aspect is CssBaseline. If you are not utilizing CssBaseline, then you are simply viewing the default styling provided by the browser.

Here is a functional example for version 4 (version 5 example below):

import React from "react";
import ReactDOM from "react-dom";
import CssBaseline from "@material-ui/core/CssBaseline";
import { MuiThemeProvider, createMuiTheme } from "@material-ui/core/styles";
import Button from "@material-ui/core/Button";

const themeLight = createMuiTheme({
  palette: {
    background: {
      default: "#e4f0e2"
    }
  }
});

const themeDark = createMuiTheme({
  palette: {
    background: {
      default: "#222222"
    },
    text: {
      primary: "#ffffff"
    }
  }
});

const App = () => {
  const [light, setLight] = React.useState(true);
  return (
    <MuiThemeProvider theme={light ? themeLight : themeDark}>
      <CssBaseline />
      <Button onClick={() => setLight(prev => !prev)}>Toggle Theme</Button>
    </MuiThemeProvider>
  );
};

const rootElement = document.getElementById("root");
ReactDOM.render(<App />, rootElement);

https://codesandbox.io/s/intelligent-snowflake-6y71c?fontsize=14&hidenavigation=1&theme=dark

Below is an example using Material-UI version 5. The main difference from version 4 is the name change to ThemeProvider (although MuiThemeProvider is still available in addition) and createTheme (instead of createMuiTheme) along with the usage of the new package name @mui/material instead of @material-ui/core.

import React from "react";
import ReactDOM from "react-dom";
import CssBaseline from "@mui/material/CssBaseline";
import { ThemeProvider, createTheme } from "@mui/material/styles";
import Button from "@mui/material/Button";

const themeLight = createTheme({
  palette: {
    background: {
      default: "#e4f0e2"
    }
  }
});

const themeDark = createTheme({
  palette: {
    background: {
      default: "#222222"
    },
    text: {
      primary: "#ffffff"
    }
  }
});

const App = () => {
  const [light, setLight] = React.useState(true);
  return (
    <ThemeProvider theme={light ? themeLight : themeDark}>
      <CssBaseline />
      <Button onClick={() => setLight((prev) => !prev)}>Toggle Theme</Button>
    </ThemeProvider>
  );
};

const rootElement = document.getElementById("root");
ReactDOM.render(<App />, rootElement);

https://codesandbox.io/s/theme-body-background-ktqhf?fontsize=14&hidenavigation=1&theme=dark

Answer 2

The component responsible for controlling this aspect is CssBaseline. If you are not utilizing CssBaseline, then you are simply viewing the default styling provided by the browser.

Here is a functional example for version 4 (version 5 example below):

import React from "react";
import ReactDOM from "react-dom";
import CssBaseline from "@material-ui/core/CssBaseline";
import { MuiThemeProvider, createMuiTheme } from "@material-ui/core/styles";
import Button from "@material-ui/core/Button";

const themeLight = createMuiTheme({
  palette: {
    background: {
      default: "#e4f0e2"
    }
  }
});

const themeDark = createMuiTheme({
  palette: {
    background: {
      default: "#222222"
    },
    text: {
      primary: "#ffffff"
    }
  }
});

const App = () => {
  const [light, setLight] = React.useState(true);
  return (
    <MuiThemeProvider theme={light ? themeLight : themeDark}>
      <CssBaseline />
      <Button onClick={() => setLight(prev => !prev)}>Toggle Theme</Button>
    </MuiThemeProvider>
  );
};

const rootElement = document.getElementById("root");
ReactDOM.render(<App />, rootElement);

https://codesandbox.io/s/intelligent-snowflake-6y71c?fontsize=14&hidenavigation=1&theme=dark

Below is an example using Material-UI version 5. The main difference from version 4 is the name change to ThemeProvider (although MuiThemeProvider is still available in addition) and createTheme (instead of createMuiTheme) along with the usage of the new package name @mui/material instead of @material-ui/core.

import React from "react";
import ReactDOM from "react-dom";
import CssBaseline from "@mui/material/CssBaseline";
import { ThemeProvider, createTheme } from "@mui/material/styles";
import Button from "@mui/material/Button";

const themeLight = createTheme({
  palette: {
    background: {
      default: "#e4f0e2"
    }
  }
});

const themeDark = createTheme({
  palette: {
    background: {
      default: "#222222"
    },
    text: {
      primary: "#ffffff"
    }
  }
});

const App = () => {
  const [light, setLight] = React.useState(true);
  return (
    <ThemeProvider theme={light ? themeLight : themeDark}>
      <CssBaseline />
      <Button onClick={() => setLight((prev) => !prev)}>Toggle Theme</Button>
    </ThemeProvider>
  );
};

const rootElement = document.getElementById("root");
ReactDOM.render(<App />, rootElement);

https://codesandbox.io/s/theme-body-background-ktqhf?fontsize=14&hidenavigation=1&theme=dark

Answer 3

Answer №2

With the latest version of MUI, known as MUI v5, there's a convenient way to apply styles to the body element using the GlobalStyles component:

<GlobalStyles
  styles={{
    body: { backgroundColor: "lightyellow" }
  }}
/>

https://codesandbox.io/s/59145165-change-root-background-color-with-material-ui-theme-qgv7m?file=/demo.js

Answer 4

With the latest version of MUI, known as MUI v5, there's a convenient way to apply styles to the body element using the GlobalStyles component:

<GlobalStyles
  styles={{
    body: { backgroundColor: "lightyellow" }
  }}
/>

https://codesandbox.io/s/59145165-change-root-background-color-with-material-ui-theme-qgv7m?file=/demo.js

Answer 5

Answer №3

In addition to @NearHuscarl's response, incorporating GlobalStyles after CSSBaseLine allows you to maintain the default page settings (such as margin: 0, etc.) while still being able to customize root-level / global styles. For example,

import { Component } from "react";
import { Button, CssBaseline, GlobalStyles } from "@mui/material";
import { ThemeProvider, createTheme } from "@mui/material/styles";

export class App extends Component {
  render() {
    const theme = createTheme({
      palette: {
        mode: "dark",
        primary: {
          main: "#ff0000",
          contrastText: "#fff",
        },
        secondary: {
          main: green[500],
        },
      },
    });
    return (
      <ThemeProvider theme={theme}>
        <CssBaseline />
        <GlobalStyles
          styles={{
            body: { backgroundColor: "cyan" },
          }}
        />
        <Button color="primary" variant="contained">
          Button
        </Button>
      </ThemeProvider>
    );
  }
}

export default App;

(I'm simply using a class component due to habit 😅)

Complete example with nested themes MUI Theme toggle

Answer 6

In addition to @NearHuscarl's response, incorporating GlobalStyles after CSSBaseLine allows you to maintain the default page settings (such as margin: 0, etc.) while still being able to customize root-level / global styles. For example,

import { Component } from "react";
import { Button, CssBaseline, GlobalStyles } from "@mui/material";
import { ThemeProvider, createTheme } from "@mui/material/styles";

export class App extends Component {
  render() {
    const theme = createTheme({
      palette: {
        mode: "dark",
        primary: {
          main: "#ff0000",
          contrastText: "#fff",
        },
        secondary: {
          main: green[500],
        },
      },
    });
    return (
      <ThemeProvider theme={theme}>
        <CssBaseline />
        <GlobalStyles
          styles={{
            body: { backgroundColor: "cyan" },
          }}
        />
        <Button color="primary" variant="contained">
          Button
        </Button>
      </ThemeProvider>
    );
  }
}

export default App;

(I'm simply using a class component due to habit 😅)

Complete example with nested themes MUI Theme toggle

Answer 7

Answer №4

For my specific scenario, I needed to modify only the background-color of the body element within a React component without affecting the entire theme. To achieve this, I implemented a global override.

To summarize, here is the code snippet:

// additional imports ...
import { makeStyles } from "@material-ui/core/styles";

const useStyles = makeStyles((theme) => ({
  '@global':{
      body:{
        backgroundColor:"#382E7E"
      }
  },
  otherstyles:{
    //  other styles ....
  },

}));


// React component, etc ...

Answer 8

For my specific scenario, I needed to modify only the background-color of the body element within a React component without affecting the entire theme. To achieve this, I implemented a global override.

To summarize, here is the code snippet:

// additional imports ...
import { makeStyles } from "@material-ui/core/styles";

const useStyles = makeStyles((theme) => ({
  '@global':{
      body:{
        backgroundColor:"#382E7E"
      }
  },
  otherstyles:{
    //  other styles ....
  },

}));


// React component, etc ...

Answer 9

Answer №5

None of the previous solutions seemed to work for me, and I'm not sure why.

I made sure to wrap all my components with ScopedCssBaseline, allowing mui to apply the palette style only to the children elements.

Here's the code snippet that worked for me:

import React from "react";
import ReactDOM from "react-dom";
import { ScopedCssBaseline, Button } from "@mui/material";
import { ThemeProvider, createTheme } from "@mui/material/styles";

const themeLight = createTheme({
  palette: {
    background: {
      default: "#fff"
    },
    text: {
      default: "#000"
    }
  }
});

const themeDark = createTheme({
  palette: {
    background: {
      default: "#000"
    },
    text: {
      primary: "#fff"
    }
  }
});

const App = () => {
  const [light, setLight] = React.useState(true);

  return (
    <ThemeProvider theme={light ? themeLight : themeDark}>
      <ScopedCssBaseline enableColorScheme>
        <Button onClick={() => setLight((prev) => !prev)}>Toggle Theme</Button>
      </ScopedCssBaseline>
    </ThemeProvider>
  );
};

const rootElement = document.getElementById("root");
ReactDOM.render(<App />, rootElement);

https://codesandbox.io/s/theme-body-scoped-background-q1to6u?fontsize=14&hidenavigation=1&theme=dark

Answer 10

None of the previous solutions seemed to work for me, and I'm not sure why.

I made sure to wrap all my components with ScopedCssBaseline, allowing mui to apply the palette style only to the children elements.

Here's the code snippet that worked for me:

import React from "react";
import ReactDOM from "react-dom";
import { ScopedCssBaseline, Button } from "@mui/material";
import { ThemeProvider, createTheme } from "@mui/material/styles";

const themeLight = createTheme({
  palette: {
    background: {
      default: "#fff"
    },
    text: {
      default: "#000"
    }
  }
});

const themeDark = createTheme({
  palette: {
    background: {
      default: "#000"
    },
    text: {
      primary: "#fff"
    }
  }
});

const App = () => {
  const [light, setLight] = React.useState(true);

  return (
    <ThemeProvider theme={light ? themeLight : themeDark}>
      <ScopedCssBaseline enableColorScheme>
        <Button onClick={() => setLight((prev) => !prev)}>Toggle Theme</Button>
      </ScopedCssBaseline>
    </ThemeProvider>
  );
};

const rootElement = document.getElementById("root");
ReactDOM.render(<App />, rootElement);

https://codesandbox.io/s/theme-body-scoped-background-q1to6u?fontsize=14&hidenavigation=1&theme=dark

Answer 11

Answer №6

MUI Version 5

import { createTheme } from "@mui/material/styles";

const darkTheme = createMuiTheme({
  palette: {
    mode: "dark",
  }
});

MUI Version 4

import { createMuiTheme } from '@material-ui/core/styles';

const darkTheme = createMuiTheme({
   palette: {
     type: "dark",
   }
 });

It's as simple as changing the palette type to dark, where by default it is set to light. This change will also allow for custom colors to be used for other components like typography and icons.

Answer 12

MUI Version 5

import { createTheme } from "@mui/material/styles";

const darkTheme = createMuiTheme({
  palette: {
    mode: "dark",
  }
});

MUI Version 4

import { createMuiTheme } from '@material-ui/core/styles';

const darkTheme = createMuiTheme({
   palette: {
     type: "dark",
   }
 });

It's as simple as changing the palette type to dark, where by default it is set to light. This change will also allow for custom colors to be used for other components like typography and icons.

Answer 13

Answer №7

If you're not familiar with ReactDOM, it does not replace the targeted element directly. I have limited experience with material ui, but you can achieve your desired background color by storing it in your App state under 'currentRootColor'. In your App component's render function, include the following code:

render() {
    document.body.style.backgroundColor = this.state.currentRootColor;

    ...the rest of your App render code
}

By setting the body's background color dynamically using 'this.state.currentRootColor', any changes to this value will trigger a re-render of your App component with the updated background color.

Please note that if your document doesn't already contain a <body> tag, you will need to add one.

Answer 14

If you're not familiar with ReactDOM, it does not replace the targeted element directly. I have limited experience with material ui, but you can achieve your desired background color by storing it in your App state under 'currentRootColor'. In your App component's render function, include the following code:

render() {
    document.body.style.backgroundColor = this.state.currentRootColor;

    ...the rest of your App render code
}

By setting the body's background color dynamically using 'this.state.currentRootColor', any changes to this value will trigger a re-render of your App component with the updated background color.

Please note that if your document doesn't already contain a <body> tag, you will need to add one.

Answer 15

Answer №8

I have found success with this approach in MUI v5. I utilized it to apply specific styles exclusively to the HomePage, overriding default styles.

pages/HomePage.js

...

import GlobalStyles from '@mui/material/GlobalStyles';
// or
import { GlobalStyles } from '@mui/material';

Tip: It's recommended to lift the <GlobalStyles /> to a static constant to prevent unnecessary re-rendering. This ensures that the tag generated won't recalculate on each render.

  const homePageStyles = (
    <GlobalStyles
      styles={{
        body: { backgroundColor: 'cyan' },
        '.MuiTypography-root': {
          color: 'red',
        },
      }}
    />
  );

...

return (
    <>
      {homePageStyles}
      <MyComponents />
    </>
);

....

More:

https://mui.com/material-ui/customization/how-to-customize/

https://mui.com/material-ui/api/global-styles/

Answer 16

I have found success with this approach in MUI v5. I utilized it to apply specific styles exclusively to the HomePage, overriding default styles.

pages/HomePage.js

...

import GlobalStyles from '@mui/material/GlobalStyles';
// or
import { GlobalStyles } from '@mui/material';

Tip: It's recommended to lift the <GlobalStyles /> to a static constant to prevent unnecessary re-rendering. This ensures that the tag generated won't recalculate on each render.

  const homePageStyles = (
    <GlobalStyles
      styles={{
        body: { backgroundColor: 'cyan' },
        '.MuiTypography-root': {
          color: 'red',
        },
      }}
    />
  );

...

return (
    <>
      {homePageStyles}
      <MyComponents />
    </>
);

....

More:

https://mui.com/material-ui/customization/how-to-customize/

https://mui.com/material-ui/api/global-styles/

Modify the root background color using the Material-UI theme

Answer №1

Answer №2

Answer №3

Answer №4

Answer №5

Answer №6

MUI Version 5

MUI Version 4

Answer №7

Answer №8

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