Prevent unnecessary re-rendering when an input changes in a React.js application

console.log(result); The code above logs the result in the console every time there is an onChange event in the input field. I am exploring a solution to prevent the component from re-rendering when the input value changes.

import "./home.css";

const Home = () => {
  const [city, setCity] = useState("kampala");
  const [result, setResult] = useState(null);

  const fetchApi = async (city) => {
    const data = await fetch(
      `https://api.openweathermap.org/data/2.5/weather?q=${city}&units=metric&appid=`api
key_here``
    ).then((res) => res.json())
    .then((data) => setResult(data));

   
  };

  useEffect(() => {
    fetchApi(city);
    console.log("heyy");
  }, []);

  const handleSubmit = async (e) => {
    e.preventDefault();
    await fetchApi(city);
  };

  if(result === null) {
    return <p>Loading</p>
  }

  console.log(result);//this log occurs on every character change in the input. I need to stop the re-render

  return (
    <div className="home__container">
      <div className="home__img">
        <div className="home__hero__info">
          <div>
            <h1>26 C</h1>
          </div>
          <div>
            <h3>Kampala</h3>
            <p>31 - October - 2022</p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p>Sunny</p>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div className="home__details">
        <div className="weather__div">
          <form onSubmit={handleSubmit}>
            <input
              type="text"
              className="home__input"
             
              onChange={(e) => setCity(e.target.value)}
      
            />
            <button type="submit" className="weather__button">
              Search
            </button>
          </form>
          <div className="weather__ul">
            <ul>
              <li>Kampala</li>
              <li>Nairobi</li>
              <li>Dodoma</li>
            </ul>
          </div>
          <hr />
        </div>
        <div className="weather__div">
          <h4 className="h4">Weather Conditions</h4>
          <div>
            <span className="weather__details">
              <h4>Cloudy</h4>
              <h3>{result.clouds.all}%</h3>
            </span>
            <span className="weather__details">
              <h4>Humidity</h4>
              {/* <h3>{result.main.humidity}%</h3> */}
            </span>
            <span className="weather__details">
              <h4>Wind</h4>
              {/* <h3>{wind.speed}</h3> */}
            </span>
            <span className="weather__details">
              <h4>Rain</h4>
              <h3>23%</h3>
            </span>
          </div>
          <hr />
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
  );
};

export default Home;

Answer №1

Quick tip: try using a ref rather than a state:

const initialValue = "kampala";

const Home = () => {
  const city = useRef();
  const [result, setResult] = useState(null);

  ...

  useEffect(() => {
    fetchApi(initialValue);
    console.log("heyy");
  }, []);

  const handleSubmit = async (e) => {
    e.preventDefault();
    await fetchApi(city.current.value);
  };

  ...

  return (
    <div className="home__container">
      ...
          <form onSubmit={handleSubmit}>
            <input
              type="text"
              ref={city}
              className="home__input"
              value={initialValue}      
            />
            <button type="submit" className="weather__button">
              Search
            </button>
          </form>
      ...
    </div>
  );
};

In a bit more detail:

Instead of managing city with a state that triggers rerenders on each update, consider utilizing a reference in React. References store values across renders without causing unnecessary rerenders. By associating the ref with your input and accessing its current value with city.current, you can seamlessly retrieve the input value without triggering excessive renders.

Answer №2

Whenever you update the state, it will trigger a re-render. If you want to avoid re-rendering when updating your input, consider using a React ref to manage the input value.

const cityName = useRef("Kampala");

Here's how you can use it in your input:

<input
 type="text"
 className="home__input"
 value={cityName.current}       
 onChange={(e) => cityName.current = e.target.value}
 />

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