As Marc pointed out, it is important to use double quotes in the Dockerfile CMD instead of single quotes.
To demonstrate this, I followed the sequence with a webpack template:
$ yarn install -g vue-cli
$ vue init webpack my-project
$ cd my-project
$ yarn build
yarn run v1.21.1
...
Build complete.
Tip: built files are meant to be served over an HTTP server.
Opening index.html over file:// won't work.
Done in 7.69s.
I then added a Dockerfile with the following content:
FROM node:lts-alpine
RUN npm install -g http-server
WORKDIR /app
COPY package*.json ./
RUN npm install
COPY . .
RUN npm run build
EXPOSE 8080
CMD [ "http-server", "dist" ]
Built the image:
$ docker build -t vue-test
Build response
Sending build context to Docker daemon 221.6MB
...
And so on...
After making a change to the Dockerfile by using single quotes for CMD line,
CMD [ 'http-server', 'dist' ]
I rebuilt the image and attempted to start the container but encountered an error:
$ docker run -it -p 8080:8080 --rm vue-test
sh: dist: unknown operand
The above error confirms that using double quotes is necessary. Therefore, always ensure to follow this practice when working with Dockerfiles.