The output is generated by React useContext with a delay

When using the data obtained from useContext to verify if the logged-in user is an Admin, there seems to be a delay where it initially returns "undefined" and then after about 5 seconds, it provides the actual value. This causes the code to break since it cannot work with "undefined".

import React, { useContext, useEffect } from 'react';
import { useHistory } from 'react-router-dom';
import { AuthContext } from '../../context/AuthContext';

const Admin = () => {
    const history = useHistory();
    const { userData } = useContext(AuthContext);
    console.log(userData); // ****** Initially shows {token: undefined, user: undefined}
    /***************************** Then after a 5-10 seconds delay 
     * it gives the following data
        token: "eyJhbGciOiJIUzI"
        user:
        isAdmin: true
        __v: 0
        _id: "5eea03a736b70722c83a7b63"
    *******************************************************************/
    
    // Need to get the value of "isAdmin" for further processing
    if (!userData.user.isAdmin) {
        history.push("/");
    };
    return <h1>Admin Panel</h1>

};

I wonder if I should use async/await? When attempting to do so in a custom async function, it resulted in another error stating that useContext cannot be used outside of a React function.

Answer №1

By incorporating feedback from the comments, I was able to find a solution that works effectively:

import React, { useContext, useEffect } from 'react';
import { useHistory } from 'react-router-dom';
import { AuthContext } from '../../context/AuthContext';
import AdminPanel from './AdminPanel';

const Admin = () => {
    const token = localStorage.getItem('auth-token');
    const history = useHistory();
    const { userData } = useContext(AuthContext);

    //send item to backend
    const saveNewItem = async (data) => {
        const url = "http://localhost:5000/api/items";
        try {
            const res = await axios.post(url, data, {
                headers: { "x-auth-token": token }
            });
            console.log(res.data);    
        } catch (error) {
            console.log(error.response);
        }
    };

    /********************************
     * Handling Authentication logic
     ********************************/
     if (!token) {
        history.push("/");
    };
    /********************************
     * Handling Authentication logic
     ********************************/

    return <div>
        {
            userData.user !== undefined && userData.user.isAdmin 
            ? <AdminPanel saveNewItem={saveNewItem}/>
            :
            <div className="container p-5 text-center">
            <div class="spinner-border text-light" role="status">
                <span class="sr-only">Loading...</span>
            </div>
            </div>   
        }
        {/* <AdminPanel saveNewItem={saveNewItem}/> */}
    </div>

};
export default Admin;

The mentioned approach has been effective in my case. Should there be any security concerns, please feel free to let me know.

Answer №2

To implement a side effect (redirect to "/") when the state (userData) changes, you can utilize the useEffect hook:

Replace your previous code with the following:

useEffect(() => {
  if (userData && userData.user && !userData.user.isAdmin) {
    history.push("/");
  }
}, [userData]); // This ensures that the effect is only applied when the userData has changed.

For more information on how to use the Effect Hook, check out Using the Effect Hook.

After implementing the redirect logic, customize what components are displayed based on different scenarios:

If userData is not available, display <p>Loading</p>;
If the user is not an admin, show <p>You are not an admin. Redirecting...</p>;
Otherwise, render <h1>Admin Panel</h1>;

Answer №3

If you're looking to enhance the Route component, consider expanding it and introducing a loading state in your AuthContext (along with possibly an error state) while it goes through the authentication process.

AdminOnlyRoute.js

import React from "react";
import { Redirect, useLocation, Route } from "react-router-dom";
import { AuthContext } from '../../context/AuthContext';

const AdminOnlyRoute = (props) => {
  // create loading and error states within the context
  const { userData, loading, error } = useContext(AuthContext);

  if (loading) {
    // Maybe display a loader?
    return <div>Authenticating...</div>
  }

  if (error) {
    return <div>Authentication error.</div>
  }

  if (userData && !userData.user.isAdmin)
    return (
      <Redirect to="/" />
    );

  return <Route {...props} />;
};

export default AdminOnlyRoute;

You can utilize this component like so:

<Router>
  <Switch>
    <AdminOnlyRoute path="/admin" component={<div>Admin</div>} />
    <Route path="/" component={<div>Home</div>} />
  </Switch>
</Router>

Update: For a helpful example showcasing this process, check out the react-router website at https://reacttraining.com/react-router/web/example/auth-workflow

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