The Web API encountered an error while trying to serialize the response body for the specified content type

Working on an ASP.NET MVC 5 Web Api project.

The application already has multiple APIs in place. Recently, I added a custom JsonConverter to handle date conversions based on timezone.

public class CustomInfoConverter : JsonConverter
{

    public override bool CanConvert(Type objectType)
    {
        return objectType == typeof(CustomType);
    }
    public override bool CanRead
    {
        get
        {
            return false;
        }
    }
    public override bool CanWrite
    {
        get
        {
            return true;
        }
    }
    public override void WriteJson(JsonWriter writer, object value, JsonSerializer serializer)
    {
        var customType = (CustomType)value;
        if (customType == null || null== customType.TimeZone) return;
        
        DateTime currentDateTime = DateTime.SpecifyKind(customType.Date ?? DateTime.Now, DateTimeKind.Unspecified);

        DateTime userDateTime = TimeZoneInfo.ConvertTimeFromUtc(currentDateTime, customType.TimeZone);
        customType.Date = userDateTime;
        JsonSerializer innerSerializer = new JsonSerializer();
        foreach (var converter in serializer.Converters.Where(c => !(c is CustomInfoConverter)))
        {
            innerSerializer.Converters.Add(converter);
        }
        innerSerializer.Serialize(writer, customType);


    }

    public override object ReadJson(JsonReader reader, Type objectType, object existingValue, JsonSerializer serializer)
    {
        throw new NotImplementedException();
    }


}

Since adding this custom JsonConverter, all APIs are functioning correctly except for one that is throwing the following exception:

{"Message":"An error has occurred.","ExceptionMessage":"The 'ObjectContent`1' type failed to serialize the response body for content type 'application/json; charset=utf-8'.","ExceptionType":"System.InvalidOperationException","StackTrace":null,"InnerException":{"Message":"An error has occurred.","ExceptionMessage":"Token PropertyName in state Property would result in an invalid JSON object. Path 'Data.Forms[0]'.","ExceptionType":"Newtonsoft.Json.JsonWriterException","StackTrace":"...}}}

For more information, check out this link.

Answer №1

It appears that the issue arises when, under certain conditions, the function WriteJson() is exited without any content being written, specifically when customType.TimeZone == null:

    var customType = (CustomType)value;
    if (customType == null || null== customType.TimeZone) return;

This leads to an invalid JSON object because the property name has already been written by the caller, causing this output:

{
    "customType":
}

Attempting to do this will trigger the exception you are experiencing.

To address this, you must prevent the serialization of the property itself. This cannot be achieved within the converter and instead needs to be handled at the level of the containing type.

In order to avoid serializing a property with a null value, set

NullValueHandling = NullValueHandling.Ignore
in the serializer settings, or directly on the property like this:

public class ContainerClass
{
    [JsonProperty(NullValueHandling = NullValueHandling.Ignore)]
    public CustomType CustomType { get; set; }
}

To prevent serializing the property when its TimeZone property is null, utilize conditional property serialization by including a ShouldSerializeXXX() method in the containing type, where

XXX</code matches your property name exactly:</p>

<pre><code>public class ContainerClass
{
    public CustomType CustomType { get; set; }

    public bool ShouldSerializeCustomType()
    {
        return CustomType != null && CustomType.TimeZone != null;
    }
}

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