Tips for efficiently transforming a C++ vector into a numpy vector in Cython without excessive use of Python interpreter

Specifically:

  • How can I define a function output data type as numpy.ndarray?
  • Is it possible to utilize cimport numpy instead of import numpy in order to create an array without Python overhead?

If the line

cdef numpy.ndarray array(int start, int end):
is modified by removing numpy.ndarray, then the code below functions. However, there still seems to be some Python overhead indicated in the annotation (excluding the initialization of the C++ vector using range(start, end)).

%%cython -a
# distutils: language = c++

import numpy
from libcpp.vector cimport vector


cdef numpy.ndarray array(int start, int end):
    cdef vector[int] vect = range(start, end)
    return numpy.array(vect)

print(array(1,15))

Answer №1

Working with NumPy arrays in Python requires the use of memoryviews supported by Cython for compiled level operations. You can convert a Cython memoryview variable to a NumPy array using memoryviews.

If your base object is a C++ vector, there is no automatic conversion to a NumPy array. You will need to explicitly handle this conversion, which may involve a copy operation.

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