Unique title: "Dynamic Etag Generation in Express.js"

I'm currently developing a basic local image server that supplies images to a web application along with some JSON data. The web app includes pagination functionality which triggers a get request "/images?page=X&limit=200" to an express.js server, receiving back the JSON files in one array. I aim to utilize the browser's internal caching mechanism so that when a user navigates to a previous page, the express.js server returns an ETAG. Could someone advise me on how to achieve this using express.js? Specifically, for this project, I only need the calculation of the ETAG to involve three parameters: the page, directory, and limit (ignoring the entire JSON body). Since this setup is meant for local use, I prefer the server to handle the heavy lifting as it should be quicker than relying solely on the browser. I came across https://www.npmjs.com/package/etag which looks promising, but I'm unsure about integrating it with express.js.

Below is a snippet of the express.js code I have at the moment:

var express = require('express');
var app = express();
var fs = require('fs');

app.get('/', async (req, res) =>{
  
  let files = [];
  
  let directory = fs.readdirSync("mypath");
  
  let page = parseInt(req.query.page);
  let limit = parseInt(req.query.limit);
  
  for (let i = 0; i < limit; ++i) {
    files.push(new Promise((resolve) => {
      fs.readFile(files[i + page * limit].name, (err, data) => {
        // format the data for UI convenience
        resolve(JSON.parse(data));
      });
    });
  }
  
  let results = await Promise.all(files);
  // calculate an etag here and append it to the results.
  res.send(results);
});

app.listen(3000);

Answer №1

When the server sends an ETag to the client, it should also check the ETag that the client sends back in the If-None-Match header during a subsequent "conditional" request.

If they match, the server will respond with status 304; if not, there is no advantage to using ETags.

var serverEtag = "<calculate from page, directory, and limit>";
var clientEtag = req.get("If-None-Match");
if (clientEtag === serverEtag) res.status(304).end();
else {
  // Your code here
  res.set("ETag", serverEtag);
  res.send(results);
}

The calculation of the serverEtag could be determined by the last modification time in the directory, ensuring it changes whenever any image in that directory is modified. Critically, this can be achieved without needing the fs.readFile statements in your code.

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