Ways to determine the generic type of a property value from a decorated property within a decorator

While experimenting with some code, I encountered an issue where the generic type of a property value wasn't being resolved correctly when changing from TValue to (t: TValue) => TValue. Instead of being recognized as the expected number, it was now seen as an unknown {} type.

An example without a function works as intended:

type ProtoOf<T> = Pick<T, keyof T>;

function decorate<TValue>(value: TValue) {
  return <T extends { [KA in TKey]: TValue }, TKey extends keyof T>(
    proto: ProtoOf<T> & { [P in TKey]: TValue },
    propertyKey: TKey
  ) => {};
}

class Foo {
  // No TS error
  @decorate(1) bar: number = 1;

  // TS Error
  @decorate('') wrongBar: number = 1;
}

However, an example involving a function does not work as expected:

type ProtoOf<T> = Pick<T, keyof T>;

function decorate<TValue>(getValue: (t: TValue) => TValue) {
  return <T extends { [KA in TKey]: TValue }, TKey extends keyof T>(
    proto: ProtoOf<T> & { [P in TKey]: TValue },
    propertyKey: TKey
  ) => {};
}

class Foo {
  // TS Error
  @decorate(v => v + 1) bar: number = 1;

  // No TS error
  @decorate(v => v + '') wrongBar: number = 1;
}

The goal was to have TValue equal to number in both examples, but that wasn't achieved in the second case involving a function. This discrepancy was unexpected.

Answer №1

This situation has been identified as a known issue, which you may have already encountered through your interactions on GitHub. Here's a brief summary:

Currently, the compiler does not handle type inference in the desired way, treating the original code similarly to the examples below:

const barDeco = decorate(v => v + 1); // error
barDeco(Foo.prototype, "bar");
const wrongBarDeco = decorate(v => v + '');
wrongBarDeco(Foo.prototype, "wrongBar");

The calls to decorate() within barDeco and wrongBarDeco lack sufficient type information for the compiler to infer the generic type, resulting in an inferred type of {}. This leads to complications because the decorator functions essentially act as curried functions f(x)(y). To address this issue, the compiler would need to infer the type of f from the type of y, which introduces a new form of contextual typing. While special-casing decorators for such inference might resolve the issue, it could potentially cause significant disruptions with curried functions in general.

As a temporary solution, you can manually specify the generic parameter when calling the decorator like so:

class Foo {
  @decorate<number>(v => v + 1) bar: number = 1; // okay
  @decorate<number>(v => v + '') wrongBar: number = 1; // error
}

Alternatively, you can annotate your callback function manually as shown below:

class Foo {
  @decorate((v: number) => v + 1) bar: number = 1; // okay
  @decorate((v: number) => v + '') wrongBar: number = 1; // error
}

While these workarounds are not ideal, they do provide a way to manage the situation until any progress is made on Microsoft/TypeScript#2607. Given the volume of open issues, it may take time before significant action is taken. Increased engagement from other users expressing support and providing strong use cases highlighting the limitations of the current workarounds could prompt further movement on this particular issue. Since you have already contributed in this regard, there may be little else left for you to do at this point. Interested individuals can refer to the GitHub issue for updates and opportunities to contribute.

We apologize for not having a more definitive solution to offer. Best of luck navigating this challenge!

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