What is the best method for retrieving system environment variables in Next.js?

Question

What is the best method for retrieving system environment variables in Next.js?

For my Next.JS app, I utilized environment variables. These variables are set as the system's environment variables since it is a dockerized nextjs app.

# in terminal
echo $NEXT_PUBLIC_KEY_NAME
# >> value of key

Surprisingly, process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_KEY_NAME remains undefined within the app only during production mode. How can I resolve this issue? Unfortunately, there seems to be no information available on this specific problem either on Next.js website or anywhere else.

docker environment-variables next.js

Answer 1

Answer №1

Effective NextJS Environment Setup

When working with NextJS, achieving your desired functionality is made easier with the built-in support it offers. Simply store your environment variables in .env.local within the root directory of your project.

Aside from .env.local, consider utilizing .env, .env.development, and .env.production for different scenarios.

For instance, your .env.local could look like this:

DB_HOST=localhost
DB_USER=myuser
DB_PASS=mypassword

In your specific case, it would be structured as follows:

NEXT_PUBLIC_KEY_NAME=[insert_desired_value]

Once saved, you can seamlessly access these values within your NextJS application using the process.env. keyword.

// pages/index.js
export async function getStaticProps() {
  const db = await myDB.connect({
    host: process.env.DB_HOST,
    username: process.env.DB_USER,
    password: process.env.DB_PASS,
  })
  // ...
}

Further insights on managing environment variables in NextJS can be found here.

Docker Deployment Strategy

If the aforementioned approach does not align with your requirements, you may want to explore setting environment variables specifically within Docker containers rather than NextJS configurations.

Within a docker-compose file:

frontend:
    image: frontend
    build:
      context: .
      dockerfile: Dockerfile
    environment:
      - NEXT_PUBLIC_KEY_NAME=[insert_desired_value]

Alternatively, when launching Docker manually, make use of the -e parameter:

docker run -e NEXT_PUBLIC_KEY_NAME=[insert_desired_value] frontend bash

Or opt for employing an env file during the Docker command execution:

docker run --env-file ./env.list frontend bash

More details regarding defining environment variables in Docker are available here.

Answer 2

Effective NextJS Environment Setup

When working with NextJS, achieving your desired functionality is made easier with the built-in support it offers. Simply store your environment variables in .env.local within the root directory of your project.

Aside from .env.local, consider utilizing .env, .env.development, and .env.production for different scenarios.

For instance, your .env.local could look like this:

DB_HOST=localhost
DB_USER=myuser
DB_PASS=mypassword

In your specific case, it would be structured as follows:

NEXT_PUBLIC_KEY_NAME=[insert_desired_value]

Once saved, you can seamlessly access these values within your NextJS application using the process.env. keyword.

// pages/index.js
export async function getStaticProps() {
  const db = await myDB.connect({
    host: process.env.DB_HOST,
    username: process.env.DB_USER,
    password: process.env.DB_PASS,
  })
  // ...
}

Further insights on managing environment variables in NextJS can be found here.

Docker Deployment Strategy

If the aforementioned approach does not align with your requirements, you may want to explore setting environment variables specifically within Docker containers rather than NextJS configurations.

Within a docker-compose file:

frontend:
    image: frontend
    build:
      context: .
      dockerfile: Dockerfile
    environment:
      - NEXT_PUBLIC_KEY_NAME=[insert_desired_value]

Alternatively, when launching Docker manually, make use of the -e parameter:

docker run -e NEXT_PUBLIC_KEY_NAME=[insert_desired_value] frontend bash

Or opt for employing an env file during the Docker command execution:

docker run --env-file ./env.list frontend bash

More details regarding defining environment variables in Docker are available here.

What is the best method for retrieving system environment variables in Next.js?

Answer №1

Effective NextJS Environment Setup

Docker Deployment Strategy

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