What steps should be taken to enable Python.app to firewall on Mac OS X?

Whenever I try to run a Python application on my Mac, it keeps prompting me with dialogs asking if "Python.app" can accept incoming network connections.

Even after allowing it multiple times, the same dialog pops up repeatedly.

Is there a way to allow this connection just once and prevent any more prompts?

https://i.stack.imgur.com/AOWy3.png

Edit

I came across a similar query on Stack Overflow: Add Python to OS X Firewall Options?

Following the accepted answer, I attempted to execute 

codesign -s "My Signing Identity" -f $(which python)
, but encountered the following error:

/usr/bin/python: replacing existing signature
error: /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/codesign_allocate: can't create output file: /usr/bin/python.cstemp (Operation not permitted)
/usr/bin/python: the codesign_allocate helper tool cannot be found or used

What should be my next step in resolving this issue?

pythonmacoscertificatefirewall

Answer №1

Enabling the OS X firewall allows you to eliminate the annoying prompt asking if you want the application "python" to accept incoming network connections.

Begin by generating a self-signed certificate.

1. Open Keychain Access located in Applications > Utilities > Keychain Access.
2. Navigate to the Keychain Access menu, then select Certificate Assistant > Create a Certificate...
3. Name your certificate something unique like "My Certificate".
4. Choose Identity Type: Self Signed Root and Certificate Type: Code Signing.
5. Ensure to check the Let me override defaults box before clicking Continue.
6. Enter a one-of-a-kind Serial Number and set Validity Period to 7300.
7. Proceed by clicking Continue through the following prompts.
8. Now it's time to sign your application using the command:

   codesign -s "My Certificate" -f $(which python)

9. When prompted, click "Allow".

Please note that when working within a virtual environment, remember to activate the environment prior to executing this command.

Answer №2

After downloading Python 3.6 from python.org, I encountered a similar issue. Despite my repeated attempts to self-sign the python binaries like /usr/local/bin/python3 and /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/bin/python3, I kept receiving MacOS Firewall Deny/Allow popups.

Eventually, signing the application found at /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/Resources solved the problem:

codesign --force --sign "My Signing Identity" /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/Resources/Python.app

Just for reference, I'm running MacOS Mojave 10.14.1.

Answer №3

Just a quick update to the solution provided by @mr-howdy earlier. In order to work with Python 3.7, I found that it was necessary to run this command:

codesign --force --sign "My Certificate" /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/Resources/Python.app/Contents/MacOS/Python

Make sure to include the additional Contents/MacOS/Python part in the file path.

Answer №4

Follow these steps to generate your own self-signed certificate:

  • Begin by launching Keychain Access. Navigate to Applications > Utilities > Keychain Access.
  • In the Keychain Access menu, select Certificate Assistant > Create a Certificate...
  • Type in a name for your certificate, such as "My Certificate".
  • Choose Identity Type: Self Signed Root.
  • Select Certificate Type: Code Signing.
  • Check the box that says Let me override defaults.
  • Click Continue to proceed.
  • Provide a unique Serial Number (ranging from 1 to 2147483647).
  • Set Validity Period to 7300.
  • Continue through the dialogue boxes by clicking on the Continue button.

  • To sign your application, follow one of these methods:

    • In your terminal, enter 
      codesign -s --deep "My Certificate" -f $(which python)
    • When prompted, click on "Allow" in the dialog box that appears.

    or

    • Open the Keychains app and search for your certificate.
    • Right-click on it and select 'Get Info'.
    • Expand the Trust section, then choose 'Always Trust' under Code Signinghttps://i.stack.imgur.com/RMZ73.jpg

Note: If you are using a virtual environment, make sure to activate it before running this command.

Answer №5

It seems that El Capitan has a feature known as System Integrity Protection which prevents any user, including root, from modifying certain OS resources such as the /usr/bin directory where the python executable is located. To self-sign the python binary, you can disable SIP by booting your Mac in recovery mode (reboot while holding CMD+R) and entering the following command in the terminal:

csrutil disable

After disabling SIP, boot back into regular OSX and follow the steps to self-sign python using the command:

codesign -s "My Signing Identity" -f $(which python)

Once done, reboot back into Recovery Mode and re-enable SIP with the command:

csrutil enable

Answer №6

To enable incoming connections for Python, navigate to System Preferences->Security & Privacy. Access the Firewall section and click on the Firewall Options button (you may be required to authenticate/unlock first). Look for Python in the list and grant permission for incoming connections. This resolved the issue I encountered.

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