Troubleshooting Rpy2: Missing R.dll File

Operating on Windows 7 64bit with Python version 2.7.9, I have successfully installed R-3.2.0. Despite trying previous versions such as R-2.12.2 and R-3.1.3, the result remains the same. To ensure compatibility, I added

C:\Program Files\R\R-3.2.0\bin\i386
to the system path, defined R_HOME as a system variable with value C:\Program Files\R\R-3.2.0, allocated R_USER with the name "Matt", and installed rpy2-2.3.0dev through a .exe file which was successfully installed.

However, upon attempting to import from rpy2 import robjects, an error in rpy2\rinterface\__init__.py emerges:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python27\rpy2Test.py", line 2, in <module>
    from rpy2 import robjects
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\rpy2\robjects\__init__.py", line 14, in <module>
    import rpy2.rinterface as rinterface
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\rpy2\rinterface\__init__.py", line 79, in <module>
    raise RuntimeError("Unable to locate R.dll within %s" % R_HOME)
RuntimeError: Unable to locate R.dll within C:Program Files\R\R-3.2.0

Various attempts have been made to rectify the situation, including:

if os.path.exists(os.path.join(R_HOME, 'lib')):
    os.environ['PATH'] += ';' + os.path.join(R_HOME, 'bin')
    os.environ['PATH'] += ';' + os.path.join(R_HOME, 'modules')
    os.environ['PATH'] += ';' + os.path.join(R_HOME, 'lib')
else:
    os.environ['PATH'] += ';' + os.path.join(R_HOME, 'bin', 'i386')
    os.environ['PATH'] += ';' + os.path.join(R_HOME, 'modules', 'i386')
    os.environ['PATH'] += ';' + os.path.join(R_HOME, 'library')

# Load the R dll using the explicit path
Rlib = os.path.join(R_HOME, 'bin', 'R.dll')

if not os.path.exists(Rlib):
    Rlib = os.path.join(R_HOME, 'bin', 'i386', 'R.dll')

Even after inserting the code snippet into rinterface\__init__.py, there was no difference in outcome. Additionally, transferring all contents from the bin\i386 folder to the bin folder failed to yield results.

The question still stands: How can rpy2 be configured to locate r.dll?

Answer №1

After encountering the same issue repeatedly, I devised a simple workaround for the problem of not being able to import rpy2. If you're tired of struggling with environment variables, try setting them in a separate python script that you can import at the start. Start by obtaining the rpy2 .whl package and installing it as detailed in Next, create a small python script to set up the necessary environment variables which you can then import at the beginning of any other python scripts requiring rpy2. My solution looked like this:

from __main__import *
import os
os.environ['PYTHONHOME'] = 'C:/Program Files/Python'
os.environ['PYTHONPATH'] = 'C:/Program Files/Python/lib/site-packages'
os.environ['R_HOME'] = 'C:/Program Files/R/R-3.5.1'
os.environ['R_USER'] = 'C:/Program Files/Python/Lib/site-packages/rpy2'

# importing rpy2 now throws no errors
import rpy2.robjects as ro

By including this script at the start of my main python script, I was able to successfully use the rpy2 package and interact with R from Python.

Answer №2

Yesterday evening, I created a detailed rpy2 installation guide to solve the issue at hand - it's likely that R, Python, pywin32 or rpy2 linked in the PATH are not 32-bit.

You can check out the guide here: rpy2pandas.pdf

(The only exception is my Python location which is C:/Python27/ArcGIS10.2/python.exe, everything else should work smoothly.)

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