React - passing down a ref as a prop isn't functioning as expected

In my current project, I am utilizing the react-mui library and aiming to incorporate a MenuList component from the MenuList composition available here. An issue arises when passing a ref as a prop down to a child component containing a menu. For reference, you can view a codesandbox example here. When sending a ref and setRef method as props from a parent component like so:

state = {
    open: false,
    ref: React.createRef()
  };

  setRef = element => {
    this.setState({ ref: element });
  };

  handleToggle = () => {
    this.setState(state => ({ open: !state.open }));
  };

  handleClose = () => {
    this.setState({ open: false });
  };

  render() {
    return (
      <MenuListComposition
        setRef={this.setRef}
        handleToggle={this.handleToggle}
        handleClose={this.handleClose}
        open={this.state.open}
        ref={this.state.ref}
      />
    );
  }

To a child component featuring a menu button:

    <MenuButton
      className={classes.button}
      handleToggle={handleToggle}
      setRef={setRef}
      open={open}
      ref={ref}
   />

The Popper component with a menu list opens at an incorrect location, as demonstrated in the codesanbox example by clicking on the TOGGLE MENU GROW button.

      <Popper open={open} anchorEl={ref} transition disablePortal>
          {({ TransitionProps, placement }) => (
            <Grow
              {...TransitionProps}
              id="menu-list-grow"
              style={{
                transformOrigin:
                  placement === "bottom" ? "center top" : "center bottom"
              }}
            >
              <Paper>
                <ClickAwayListener onClickAway={handleClose}>
                  <MenuList>
                    <MenuItem onClick={handleClose}>Profile</MenuItem>
                    <MenuItem onClick={handleClose}>My account</MenuItem>
                    <MenuItem onClick={handleClose}>Logout</MenuItem>
                  </MenuList>
                </ClickAwayListener>
              </Paper>
            </Grow>
          )}
        </Popper>

I am seeking guidance on how to rectify this issue or explore alternative methods for using ref in a stateless component without passing ref as a prop.

Answer №1

ref is a unique term in reactjs. When this keyword is used as a prop, it establishes a connection between the component and the ref object. You have the flexibility to rename it to your liking on both the FancyButton and MenuListComposition components.

This information can be found in the official react documentation.

React provides support for a special attribute that can be attached to any component.

Check out this live example where the ref has been renamed to parentRef in both components.

UPDATE:

As suggested by Vaibhav Shukla, you may consider using React.forwardRef on both FancyButton and MenuListComposition, which is likely the preferred method for handling this situation.

Here's another working example for reference.

Answer №2

In React, it is not possible to pass a ref like a prop. Refs are usually assigned to an instance property when a component is created so that they can be referenced throughout the component. When a ref is passed to an element in the render method, a reference to the node becomes accessible at the current attribute of the ref.

To handle passing refs in the component hierarchy, React provides the React.forwardRef method. This may not be required for most components within an application, but it can be beneficial for certain types of components, particularly in reusable component libraries. Learn more about forwardRef

    const ButtonWrapper = React.forwardRef((props, ref) => (
      <button ref={ref}>
        {props.children}
      </button>
    ));

    // Now you can access a ref directly to the DOM button:
    const ref = React.createRef();
    <ButtonWrapper ref={ref}>Click me!</ButtonWrapper>;

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